AAR: Autonomous Agricultural Robot for Precision Farming

AAR: Autonomous Agricultural Robot is designed for precision farming, integrating soil sensing, autonomous navigation, targeted spraying, and structured field traversal to support data-driven and resource-efficient agricultural operations. The system combines mechanical, electronic, and software subsystems for automated field-level sensing and intervention.

• Led the end-to-end conceptualisation and system development of AAR, translating the precision-farming requirements into an integrated architecture covering soil sensing, mobility, autonomous navigation, and targeted spraying.
• Developed and refined the mechanical architecture, including the independent passive suspension units derived from double-wishbone geometry, soil-sensor actuation, lead-screw-based spraying actuation, rack-and-pinion nozzle positioning, and fluid-delivery assembly.
• Performed system-level engineering calculations and design analysis, including total operating weight, drive-motor torque, locomotion runtime, spraying-assembly lifting torque, and rack-and-pinion force requirements.
• Oversaw the ECE subsystem and hardware integration, coordinating the Raspberry Pi 4, ESP32, motor drivers, ultrasonic sensing, rotary encoders, camera interface, servo control, and power-distribution architecture.
• Worked across the autonomous-control and perception stack, including ROS-based system coordination, camera-based navigation, obstacle detection, soil-data acquisition, marker-based spraying logic, and YOLO-based crop/weed detection.
• Analysed the R1-to-R2 design evolution, evaluating changes to the soil-interaction mechanism, nozzle translation, spraying actuation, camera configuration, navigation, and suspension system for improved fabrication feasibility and system stability.
• Prepared the complete technical documentation and engineering representation, including CAD views, electrical schematics, system flowcharts, calculations, technical figures, software architecture, and fabrication documentation.
• Led the technical presentation of AAR at GUJCOST Robofest 5.0 and prepared the documentation supporting its provisional patent grant and ₹50,000 funding.